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دستورات معاملاتی buy stopوbuy limit

در بازار های معاملاتی زمانی که می خواهیم در بازار معامله‌ای را انجام دهیم ،حال چه معامله‌ی خرید باشد و چه معامله ی فروش ،دو حالت وجود دارد یعنی در حال حاضر قیمت یا پایین تر از سطح انتظار ما است یا بالاتر از سطح انتظار ما هست.

در بازارهای مالی برای معاملات خرید ما می توانیم به دو طریق خرید انجام دهیم. یکی به صورت استفاده از دستور معاملاتی بای استاپ و یکی دستور معاملاتی بای لیمیت.

buy stop

هنگامی که قیمت در اعدادی پایین تر از عددی باشد که ما قصد ورود به معامله برای یک معامله‌ی خرید را داریم و تصمیم بگیریم که در آینده یعنی زمانی که قیمت صعود کرد و به سمت بالا رفت یک معامله خرید جدید داشته باشیم به آن بای استاپ گفته می شود .

معامله با استفاده از دستور معاملاتی Stop Buy به این صورت است که معامله گر به کارگزار خود از طریق
پلتفرم معاملاتی دستور می دهد که وقتی قیمت به این محدوده و عدد مورد نظر من رسید برای او معامله ی
خرید را انجام دهد و کارگزار نیز بدون توجه به اینکه اصلا معامله گر چه تایم فریمی را می بیند و یا به چه دلیلی این تصمیم را گرفته است دستور او را انجام می دهد.

buy limit

بای لیمیت زمانی است که موقعیت برعکس حالت قبل باشد. یعنی قیمت جاری بازار در عددی بالاتر از عددی باشد که معامله گر قصد خرید آن را دارد. در حالت اول دیدگاه معامله گر این است که اگر قیمت صعود کند و در آینده به آن عدد که بالاتر است برسد پس باز هم به حرکت خودش ادامه خواهد داد. و این یک تاییدی و یک نشانه ای است از اینکه قیمت می خواهد باز هم گران تر شود بنابراین معامله‌گر ترجیح می دهد که یک معامله بای استاپ را انجام دهد .

دستورات معاملاتی فروش

همانطور که می‌دانیم سود گرفتن در بازار های مالی سنتی به این شکل انجام می‌شود که معامله‌گر یک سهام یا قرارداد یا هر چیزی که برای آن نمودار وجود داشته باشد را خریداری می‌کند و پس از آن که قیمت به اندازه کافی گران شد آن را می فروشد و از آن اختلاف قیمت کسب سود می‌کند . اما در بازار های مالی نوین علاوه بر اینکه شما از جهت صعود قیمت ها می‌توانید کسب سود کنید ، در جهت ریزش هم می‌توانید سود کنید ؛ حتما می پرسید چطور ممکن است معامله‌ای که هرگز در آن خرید نداشته اید را وارد فروش شوید و از انجام آن سود هم داشته باشید .

در بازارهای مالی نوین معاملات فروش یکی از طرق متداول کسب سود می باشد، به این‌صورت که هر زمان که شما تشخیص دادید در نموداری قیمت از این گران تر نخواهد شد و از این نقطه می‌تواند ریزش داشته باشد شما می‌توانید به کارگزاری خود دستور فروش از عددی مشخص را ارسال کنید و هر چه قیمت ریزش بیشتری داشته باشد سود شما از این معامله بیشتر خواهد شد، به این نوع از دستورات معامالتی در زبان فارسی، معاملات فروش یا استقراضی و درزبان انگلیسی سل و در جامعه معامله‌گری دستور short گفته می‌شود.

دستورات استقراضی

این نوع از دستورات معاملاتی به صورت استقراضی انجام می شود. اجازه دهید با ذکر یک مثال بیشتر توضیح دهم: تصور کنید به شما گفته شده که قیمت طلا قرار است بزودی نزولی شود. و شما مقداری طلا از دوست خود قرض می‌کنید. و قرار می‌گذارید که دقیقا همان میزان طلا رو به دوست خود بازگردانید. مثال اگر شما یک کیلو گرم قرض گرفته اید باید پس از مدتی همان یک کیلو طلا را بازگردانید. حال اگر طلا را به قیمت روز مثال 1000 دلار بفروشید و بعد از مدتی همان مقدار یک کیلو را به قیمت 900 دلار خریداری کنید. و به دوست خود بازگردانید در واقع شما 100 دلار سود کرده اید.

بازارهای مالی دقیقا به همین شکل عمل می کند. یعنی بروکر همان سهام یا نمادی را که شما می‌خواهید بفروشید نسبت به میزان اعتبار و موجودی شما نزد بروکر در اختیار شما قرار می دهد. و یا به عبارت دیگر مثل این است که شما از بروکر خود مثل 100 سهم قرض کرده اید. و آن را می فروشید و اگر قیمت ریزش کند شما در قیمت پایین تر می توانید مجددا خرید کنید. و 100 سهم را بروکر بازگردانید و مابه تفاوت قیمت خرید و فروش سود شما می‌شود. که در اینجا پس از بسته شدن معامله نسبت به قیمت آن لحظه سود و زیان شما محاسبه می‌شود.

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